IT之家訊 12月19日消息, 2015年12月19日全國(guó)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試已結(jié)束,有趣的是,在其中一個(gè)版本的試題中,選詞填空第三篇出現(xiàn)了關(guān)于諾基亞的文章,該文章節(jié)選于外媒Project-Syndicate在2014年10月份刊登的一篇文章,題目為《誰(shuí)殺死了諾基亞手機(jī)(Who Killed the Nokia Phone?)》。
該文章認(rèn)為,很多曾在某一科技領(lǐng)域領(lǐng)先的公司一旦業(yè)績(jī)不景氣,失敗的來(lái)臨往往是快速而又殘酷的,諾基亞的手機(jī)業(yè)務(wù)正是如此。作為曾經(jīng)最大的智能手機(jī)廠商,僅僅幾年間就丟掉了大部分的市場(chǎng)份額,到了2013年底甚至把手機(jī)業(yè)務(wù)徹底賣給了微軟。
那么是什么殺死了諾基亞手機(jī)呢?文章觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為,首先iPhone的出現(xiàn)使得消費(fèi)者的喜好轉(zhuǎn)向了觸屏手機(jī),而最后決定了諾基亞手機(jī)命運(yùn)的則是斯蒂芬·埃洛普(Stephen Elop )出任公司CEO后所做得一系列決定。
文章稱在埃洛普任職諾基亞CEO的期間,公司的市價(jià)每天平均跌2300萬(wàn)美元,使得他成為了史上最差勁的CEO之一。
但犯錯(cuò)的并不只是埃洛普一個(gè)人,諾基亞的董事會(huì)不愿做出改變,使得公司很難對(duì)瞬息萬(wàn)變的市場(chǎng)做出反應(yīng)也是重要原因,尤其是約瑪·奧利拉(諾基亞公司前董事長(zhǎng)),這個(gè)曾經(jīng)將諾基亞打造成一個(gè)科技巨頭的人,并沒有看到諾基亞面對(duì)市場(chǎng)的變化需要做出怎樣的改變。
此外,為了節(jié)省開支,諾基亞做出了大量裁員的決定,這也跟諾基亞一直以來(lái)敢于冒險(xiǎn)、創(chuàng)造奇跡的精神相違背。優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人帶著諾基亞的愿景和使命離開了公司,之后諾基亞最有價(jià)值的設(shè)計(jì)和編程人才離開公司也就不奇怪了。
文章最后總結(jié)到,諾基亞手機(jī)的失敗讓人明白,科技公司只通過(guò)取悅董事會(huì)或者跟合作伙伴達(dá)成巨額的協(xié)議是無(wú)法取得成功的,只有讓用戶高興,才是取得成功的不二法寶。
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附原題及答案:
《Who Killed the Nokia Phone?》
It seems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventually lose their positions – often quickly and brutally。 Mobile-phone champion Nokia, one of Europe’s biggest technology success stories, was no exception, losing its market share in the space of just a few years。 Can the industry’s new champions, Apple and Google – not to mention titans in other tech sectors – avoid Nokia’s fate?
In 2007, Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile-phone sales worldwide。 But
consumers’ preferences were already shifting toward touch-screen smartphones。 With the introduction of Apple’s iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokia’s market share shrunk rapidly and revenue plummeted。 By the end of 2013, Nokia had sold its phone business to Microsoft。
What sealed Nokia’s fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his
position as CEO, which he assumed in October 2010。 Each day that Elop spent at Nokia’s helm, the company’s market value declined by €18 million ($23 million) – making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history。
But Elop was not the only person at fault。 Nokia’s board resisted change, making it impossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry。 Most notably, Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia’s transition from an industrial conglomerate to a technology giant, was too enamored with the company’s previous success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain its competitiveness。
The company also embarked on a desperate cost-cutting program, which included the elimination of thousands of jobs。 This contributed to the deterioration of the company’s once-spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risks and make miracles。 Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia’s sense of vision and direction with them。 Not surprising, much of Nokia’s most valuable design and programming talent left as well。
36。 E。 exception
37。 O。 worldwide
38。 N。 transmitting
39。 L。 shrank
40。 A。 assumed
41。 F。 fault
42。 H。 notably
43。 I。 previous
44。 C。 desperate
45。 D。 deterioration
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